It's a dogma taught in every introductory biology class: Proteins are composed of combinations of 20 different amino acids, arranged into diverse sequences like words. But researchers trying to ...

Marine organisms have evolved a remarkable arsenal of host-defense peptides under conditions of extreme variability and ...

Scientists trying to engineer biologic molecules with new functions have long felt limited by the 20 amino-acid building blocks. Researchers are working to develop ways of putting new building ...

Genetic data is more readily available than ever before—but interpreting it can be a challenge. Without months of work in the laboratory, it can be tough to tell what one of the millions of ...

Living organisms synthesize a staggering variety of proteins by combining 20 amino acids into chains of any length and order. In the past, to expand protein diversity beyond the scope of these 20 ...