THE first international radium standard was prepared by Mme. Curie in 1911; it consisted of 21·99 mgm. of purest radium chloride. By comparing its radiation with those from other radium sources, the ...

The energy imparted by ionizing radiation per unit mass of irradiated material. The units of absorbed dose are the rad and the gray (Gy). The rate of disintegration (transformation) or decay of ...

What do the Curie couple, Henrie Becquerel, Louis Harold Gray, and Ralf Sievert have in common? These radiation pioneers defined the way we measure ionizing radiation. Pierre and Marie Curie created ...

There are many factors to consider when saying “radioactivity is hazardous.” Here is an attempt to summarize them in five points. Radiation is not an age-old reality; in fact, the discovery of ...