Background/Purpose Diagnosis of Lupus Nephritis (LN) is currently based on laboratory tests and renal histopathology. The role of histopathological features in determining long term outcomes is ...

Objectives While diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH) is recognised as a life-threatening complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), little is known about its risk factors and response to ...

Objective Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterised by inflammation and bone loss, leading to joint destruction and deformity. The cervus and cucumis polypeptide (CCP) injection, one ...

Objectives X chromosome has been considered as a risk factor for SLE, which is a prototype of autoimmune diseases with a significant sex difference (female:male ratio is around 9:1). Our study aimed ...

Objective To investigate second kidney biopsy as predictor of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in active lupus nephritis (LN). Methods Patients with biopsy-proven LN (International Society of ...

Objective SLE is an autoimmune disease characterised by persistent inflammation and autoantibody production. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as a high-fat diet (HFD) may ...

Objective The British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG)-based Composite Lupus Assessment (BICLA) and the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Responder Index 4 (SRI4) responses are the most common primary ...

Objective Patients with SLE have increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Few studies have investigated the characteristics of SLE-related MIs. We compared characteristics of and risk factors for ...

Background Patients with lupus face increased cardiovascular risk linked to their autoimmune status. This study assesses the relationships between cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle and ...

Objectives This study aimed to derive and validate a cut-off for severe disease activity (SDA) using the SLE Disease Activity Score (SLE-DAS) and compare its accuracy and impact on health-related ...

Objective Fatigue has been reported as the most disturbing symptom in a majority of patients with SLE. Depression is common and often severe. Together these symptoms cause significant morbidity and ...