In vitro testing has shown that nicotine may play a role in making cancers more aggressive,1 but the currently available evidence does not suggest that nicotine in itself induces cancer.2 Despite this ...

Background Sub-optimal adherence is a significant factor in patients with difficult-to-treat asthma. Aligning adherence to maintenance inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment with digital inhaler ...

Rationale: Dyspnoea is a debilitating and distressing symptom that is reflected in different verbal descriptors. Evidence suggests that dyspnoea, like pain perception, consists of sensory quality and ...

Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The effective management of COPD exacerbations awaits a better understanding of the ...

Background Reports of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) use in clinical practice reveal higher mortality rates than in corresponding randomised clinical trials. Aim To explore factors related to chronic ...

It is customary—albeit perhaps simplistic—to identify four ethical principles as the basis for good medical practice.1 These are beneficence, non-maleficence, respect for autonomy, and justice, ...

Introduction Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a diverse group of pulmonary fibrotic and inflammatory conditions. The global burden of ILD is largely unknown, in part because of differences between ...

BACKGROUND Airway inflammation, with recruitment of neutrophils to the airway lumen, results in purulent secretions and a variety of potential adverse consequences for patients with chronic bronchitis ...

In this report, we detail the results of the 2010 BTS national pleural procedures audit, to which 58 hospitals covering a collective population of more than 20 million patients contributed data ...

Background The evidence on associations between ultra-processed foods (UPF) and lung cancer risk is limited and inconsistent.

Home mechanical ventilation (HMV) is a life-saving treatment for patients with chronic respiratory failure due to different underlying diseases.1–4 Striving for value-based care, that is, high-quality ...